Nils Persson Smedby was born on 30 May 1696 at Smedby, Medåker, Västmanland län, Sweden.
1 He was christened on 3 June 1696 at Smedby, Medåker, Västmanland län, Sweden.
2 He was enrolled on 15 February 1715 as soldier 143 in Strömsholm's company in the Västmanland regiment of the army of Sweden. He lied on his age and is registered as 20 years old. On enrolling he was assigned the soldier's croft Ståltorp and the soldier name Ståhlboge. In March/April that year he is registered as home sick in the records of the regiment's annual maneuvers.
3 On March 8. 1716 (Februar 26. by the Swedish calendar) Swedish forces, among them Nils Persson Ståhlboge, aged 19, invaded Norway in Charles XII's first Norwegian Campaign, a part of the Great Northern War between Sweden and the alliance of Denmark-Norway, Russia and Saxony-Poland.
The march against the capital was hindered by Norwegian fortifications, but the Swedish forces made their way around them and marched the last stretch on the sea ice of the Oslo fjord and occupied Christiania (now Oslo) on the 22nd of March.
The Swedish forces were hammered by cannon fire from the Akershus fortress during the approach and again whenever the Norwegian forces got information on which buildings in the town were being used by the Swedes. Charles XII needed to take the fortress but had to wait for heavier guns and in the meanwhile his supply lines were seriously threatened when his forces in the town of Moss were captured by forces from Fredrikstad fortress.
Västmanland's regiment was given the task of re-occupying Moss and reestablishing the depot there. They arrived on March 29th and started fortifying the town. They staid in command of the town for nearly a month, but on the 23rd of April the Norwegian counter offensive started and the town was taken. 100 Swedes were killed, 522 were taken prisoner, among them Nils Persson Ståhlboge.
Charles XII remained in Christiania until April 30th when the threat of being trapped by a superior Norwegian force became too large. The campaign was finally over on July 10th when the last Swedish forces crossed back into Sweden.
4 As a prisoner of war Nils was first transported across the fjord to Drammen with all the others. This took care of the immediate threat of Swedish forces attempting a rescue, but there was still the need for a large guard force which was then unavailable for active operations. A royal order dated May 5th asks for the prisoners to be sent to Denmark, but by then the local military authorities had already started sending groups of prisoners off to Norwegian cities and counties.
Although an exchange of prisoners was not in the cards, lists of their names were handed over, and on one in the Swedish war archive over prisoners distributed around Norway we find prisoner no. 37 Niels Pehrsson Staalboe. Most prisoners were sent to Denmark as ordered, but several groups were transported to the home towns of the victorious Norwegian regiments, and as the first on the list of those transported to Bergen we find Niels Perssen Staalboe.
4 The prisoners in Bergen were distributed around the county as forced labour, and Nils was sent to Samnanger, Hordaland to work for the richest man in the parish,
Peder Hansson Tysse.
Common sense and various sources indicate that the life of a Swedish prisoner in Norway during the Great Northern War was hard and lonely. Many local lads were off fighting, or already dead, and the prisoners were conveniently close at hand for retribution. Local tradition has it though that Nils was a strong and able worker who won respect from his master and a likable and easygoing youth who won friendship from everyone else, especially from
Peder's eldest daughter.
4 Around Christmas 1718 news arrived that Charles XII had been killed at Fredriksten fortress and that the war was over. Although Nils could now go home he chose to stay.
Peder offered him a place as paid labour, not knowing that part of Nils's reason to stay was
Peder's daughter
Anna.
Late autumn 1719
Anna told her mother she was pregnant. Tradition has it that when her father eventually was told he first wanted to kill Nils and then banished him. He was the richest man in the area and it was simply unacceptable that a simple servant had gotten his daughter with child. Only when
Anna threatened to kill herself and his wife begged him to reconsider did he send someone to fetch Nils back.
4 An intent to marry (trolovelse) was registered for Nils Pedersen Smebøe and
Anna Pedersdatter Tveit on 17 December 1719 at Samnanger sogn, Hordaland.
5 He married
Anna Pedersdatter Tveit, daughter of
Peder Hansson Tysse and
Marita Knutsdatter Årland, on 6 January 1720 at Samnanger sogn, Hordaland.
5 Local legend has it Nils was really accepted by his father-in-law and that he and
Anna got one or more farms as a wedding present, but in reality they lived as tenant farmers on the farm
Anna had been running for her father the year they ... got into trouble. It wasn't the richest of farms either, but Nils must have won acceptance in the community since we find Nils Tveit as sponsor in several christenings through the 1720s.
4 He died on 11 April 1733 at Samnanger, Hordaland, in a flu epidemic, at age 36.
6 He was buried on 18 April 1733 at Samnanger sogn, Hordaland.
7 The tale of the Swedish prisoner of war who married the daughter of the richest man in the parish has fascinated genealogists in the area for a long time, not the least since he had 8 children, 46 grandchildren, at least 127 great-grandchildren and at least 320 great-grandchildren and by them likely several thousands descendants today. The source of most of the information about him, his nearest family and his time I've taken from the book "Nils Stålby" by Atle Ausestad, but there is much more there for anyone interested.
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